Churn-cover attachment



(No Mdel.)

M O STODDARD vChmn CoverAttachment.

Patented may 3', assi..

f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEe MARVIN Ov. STODDARD, OF POULTNEY,VERMONT.

CHURN-COVER ATTACHMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,862, dated May 3,1881.

Application filed November 26, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARVIN O. STODDARD, of Poultney, in the county ofRutland and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in OhurI1-Cover Attachments, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to thcletters of reference marked thereon.

My invention has particular relation to that class of churns wherein thechurn body or barrel is made to revolve upon asuitable axis, its endbeing closed by a removable cover resting upon a metallic openring-head, which is confined by the barrel-staves in a practicallypermanentposition, and which carries the hooks or catch-ears forengagement of the lockinglevers upon the churn-cover.

From the nature of the invention, as hereinafter explained, it will beapparent that its principal features may-likewise be employed inconnection with similaropen rings intended to support covers other thanthose exclusively used upon churns. i

Heretofore in these barrel-churns, and in similarly-covered barrels, ithas been common to employ a cover which carries the locking eontrivance,the levers or projections or lockinge-rms of which engage with ears orhooks `formed upon the open metallic ring-head, and

it has been com mon to cast these ears or hooks inf one piece with thering. This method of manufacture requires (as will be readilyunderstood) the employment of sand cores to form the hooks or theopenings in the catchears. These cores are made of sand and flourmoistened with Water, which mixtureis molded into the proper shape in asuitable mold, and then baked in an oven. In these there is more or lessshrinkage, according to the quantity of water in the mixture, and theunequal variations in the cores render it practically impossible tosecure uniformity in height of the lock-4 ing-surfaces of the hooks orears against which the locking-levers must abut, so that when appliedthe locking-levers do not have a uniform bearing, and consequently thereresults great difficulty in securing atight joint between the coverandthe open rino'. To avoid these difficulties, to secure a uniform bearingfor the lockin g-levers, and to sim- (No model.)

plif'y the manufacture of the ring-head and its attached hooks or ears,are among the principal objects of my invention; and to accomplish Ythese objects the invention involves certain lnovel andusefulcombinations or arrangements of par ts and peculiarities ofconstruction, which will be hereinafter first fullydescribed,andthenpointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elethe general form of the twoparts of the catch` ears or hooks, the two parts being separated fromeach other and unconnected with the ring-head. Fig. 3 is an elongatedsectional view of a portion of the ring-head with the two parts of thecatch-ear or hook applied thereon in accordance with the principles ofmy invention 5 and Fig. l is an elevation or face view of the improvedcatch-ear, the same being detached from the ring-head. j

Like letters of reference, wherever they occur, indicate correspondingparts in all the figures.

A is the churn or revolving barrel, mounted upon a stand in the usualway.

B is the detachable cover, held in place upon the open metallicring-head C by' means of the means in connection with which my improve-vments may be advantageously adopted, but Without any intention oflimiting my inventionto use with that particular arrangement.

1n accordance with my invention the eatch ears or hooks are made of twoseparate parts, e and b, preferably of malleable iron. The part e isdovetailed at y at its base, so that when the ring Q is cast upon it thetwo will IOO be firmly united. A variety of ways might be suggested foruniting a with C; but two methods are sufficient for the presentdescription. The part a may be connected with the pattern for the ring-he`ad in such manner that the pattern may be easily detached. Beingattached, the molding-sand is carefully rammed around all, the flaskinverted, and the pattern for the ring-head withdrawn, leaving the partsa of the hooks or ears in their proper positions. The molding is thenaccomplished in the usual way adopted in similar instances; or prints7may be attached to the pattern for rin g-head C, which print will, uponbeing Withdrawn from the mold, leave cavities suitable for the receptionof the parts a. Into these cavities the parts a are inserted and thering C molded upon them, as will be readily understood 5 but whatevermay be the details of casting C upon a, it is apparent that when so castthe parts a will form immovable base-pieces, to which the hooks b may beattached, and these hooks being previously formed, they may be mountedupon their bases without perceptible or practical variation in theirheights above the ringhead. The parts a have each a solid stud, c,calculated to pass through a correspondii'lg opening in b, and they arealso recessed on each side, as at d, to receive the projecting sidepieces, e, upon thepart b. The ring-head comes from the mold with thebases of the hooks all in proper position, and all that remains to bedone is to attach the upper parts. This is accomplished by simplyuniting them, as indicated atFig. 3, and riveting or battering down thehead of the stud c, as plainly shown. The stud and thesideprojectionshold the two parts firmly in position against lateral aswell as vertical disarrangement, and the locking-sur faces on the seriesof hooks are of uniform height, so that the bearings of thelocking-levers are in correct position.

I prefer to use but three hooks on each ringhead, although any desirablenumber may be employed.

Instead of the open hook, as shown in the drawings, the part b mightcarry an eye or closed ring for the reception of the lockinglevers incase they are made adjustable in the direction ot' their length, as inseveral forms of locking devices, and as is well understood.

The construction indicated is simple, cheap, and effective, and itenables me to produce a ring-head in which the hooks or ears areuniformly disposed, thus avoiding the fitting necessary to secure aclose locking of the cover, as in the case of the hooks or ears, whichare cast, as heretofore, in one piece with the rings. This fitting isamatter of considerable trouble and expense to the manufacturer, and itis accomplished only with respect to the particular cover intended to beused; and frequently, if the cover be tted in one position, in anotherposition it may be entirely out of adjustment, and therefore incapableof use. With the ears or hooks accurately adjusted in the lirstinstance, they are in condition to receive and hold the locking-levers,however the cover may be turned, and they are, moreover, in condition tohold one cover as well as another. Of course, the same results might beaccomplished by making the hooks or ears in three or more parts but thetwo parts, as shown, are amply sufficient for the purposes intended.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A metallic ring-head having lstationary catch-ears or hooksprojecting therefrom, said catch-ears or hooks being composed ofseparate parts and adapted to receive a cover-fastening attached to aremovable cover, substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with the open ring-head, the base-pieces of the hooksor catcli-ears secured therein, substantially as set forth, and thehooks or ears mounted and secured upon the base-pieces, substantially asand for the purposes explained.

3. rIhe combination, with the hook having the perforation and projectingside pieces, of the base-piece, recessed as explained, and carrying theprojecting stud, by which the two parts are riveted, substantially asshown and described.

4. The combination of base-piece a, having recesses, projecting stud,and dovetail, the open rin g-head G cast thereon, and the hook or earpiece b, having projecting side pieces and perforation receiving thestud, the several parts being united and arranged substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand inthe presence of two witnesses.

MARVIN O. STODDARD.

Witnesses:

M. CLARKE, E. CLARKE.

IOO

